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Gerald Fischbach Biography

Gerald Fischbach

Gerald D. Fischbach (born November 15, 1938) is an American neuroscientist. He received his M.D. from the Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University in 1965 before beginning his research career at the National Institutes of Health in 1966, where his research focused on the mechanisms of neuromuscular junctions. After his tenure at the National Institutes of Health, Fischbach was a professor at Harvard University Medical School from 1972–1981 and 1990–1998 and the Washington University School of Medicine from 1981–1990. In 1998, he was named the director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke before becoming the Vice President and Dean of the Health and Biomedical Sciences, the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, and the Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Columbia University from 2001–2006. Gerald Fischbach currently serves as the scientific director overseeing the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative. Throughout Fischbach's career, much of his research has focused on the formation and function of the neuromuscular junction, which stemmed from his innovative use of cell culture to study synaptic mechanisms.

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Gerald Fischbach Quotes

There are clear differences between and some- and there may be protective factors in a female brain.

Differences, Brain, Female, Clear, Factors

The brain immediately confronts us with its great complexity. The human brain weighs only three to four pounds but contains about 100 billion neurons. Although that extraordinary number is of the same order of magnitude as the number of stars in the Milky Way, it cannot account for the complexity of the brain. The liver probably contains 100 million cells, but 1,000 livers do not add up to a rich inner life.

Add, Billion, Brain, Cells, Numbers, Stars

The brain immediately confronts us with its great complexity. The human brain weighs only three to four pounds but contains about 100 billion neurons.

Brain, Three, Neurons, Four, Weighs

I think my own bias is that there may be something wrong with the timing and the connectivity between regions rather than pointing to one particular spot in the brain.

Thinking, Brain, May, Particular, Think

Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by two main components: an inability to interact socially with other people with joint attention to understand other people's thoughts.

Two, People, Autism, Disorder, Characterized

I think the gold standard is a clinical diagnosis, that an astute clinician interacting with a child, interviewing the parents, talking with teachers makes the diagnosis based on some standard tests and also on clinical impression and skill.

Teacher, Children, Thinking, Teachers, Tests, Standard

There is no question there are differences between male and female brains. They are called sexual dimorphisms and you can point to different anatomical structures.

Differences, Brain, Males, Dimorphisms, Male, Different

Memory is the scaffolding upon which all mental life is constructed.

Life, Life Is, Memories, Memory, Mental, Scaffolding

In autism there is just genes in part more or less of a probability that you will have the disorder, and that is where interactions with the environment are key.

Autism, Disorder, Environment, Interactions, Keys

Autism is not a snapshot. It's a life.

Autism, Snapshots, Life, Snapshot

Vibrato is the badge of tonal maturity.

Badge, Badges, Maturity, Tonal, Vibrato

In fact, many children come to autism clinics early on with GI
bowel disturbances.

Children, Autism, Gis, Early

As the diagnosis of autism is increasing the diagnosis of mental retardation is decreasing. And more and more on the other end, the high end, more children who are just a little bit off, who ordinarily you would not single out now are being described as perhaps Asperger's syndrome or on the high end of the autism spectrum, so I don't believe there is an epidemic.

Believe, Children, Described, Epidemics, Spectrum

Autism reaches out in many different directions. It can be associated with language delays. It can be associated with epilepsy. It can be associated with some degree of intellectual disability, but the two core features of autism, I see, is impairments and social cognition, understanding and in restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.

Two, Epilepsy, Autism, Language, Core

I don't know of any neuropsychiatric disorder other than an infection that has been cured. But the goal is to improve the quality of life of people who experience autistic symptomology and I just think we will make progress on that.

Autistic, Goal, Improve, People, Progress, Thinking

It is not all that common, but there is a phenomenon where autism could get worse at about age two. There are some controversies whether regression is a prominent part of autism, but many people feel that it's very hard to diagnose autism before you can begin really talking in detail with a child.

Children, Talking, Two, Begin, Diagnose