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William John Macquorn Rankine Biography

William John Macquorn Rankine

Prof William John Macquorn Rankine (/ˈræŋkɪn/) FRSE FRS LLD (5 July 1820 – 24 December 1872) was a Scottish mechanical engineer who also contributed to civil engineering, physics and mathematics. He was a founding contributor, with Rudolf Clausius and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), to the science of thermodynamics, particularly focusing on the first of the three thermodynamic laws. He developed the Rankine scale, an equivalent to the Kelvin scale of temperature, but in degrees fahrenheit rather than centigrade.

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William John Macquorn Rankine Quotes

Discrepancy between theory and practice, which in sound physical and mechanical science is a delusion, has a real existence in the minds of men; and that fallacy, through rejected by their judgments, continues to exert and influence over their acts.

Continues, Discrepancies Between, Influence, Men, Real, Science

A hypothetical theory is necessary, as a preliminary step, to reduce the expression of the phenomena to simplicity and order before it is possible to make any progress in framing an abstractive theory.

Abstractive, Expression, Hypothetical, Order, Simplicity, Step

The hypothesis of molecular vortices is defined to be that which assumes - that each atom of matter consists of a nucleus or central point enveloped by an elastic atmosphere, which is retained in its position by attractive forces, and that the elasticity due to heat arises from the centrifugal force of those atmospheres revolving or oscillating about their nuclei or central points. According to this hypothesis, quantity of heat is the vis viva of the molecular revolutions or oscillations.

Atmosphere, Defined, Elasticity, Matter, Revolution, Revolving

It is possible to express the laws of thermodynamics in the form of independent principles , deduced by induction from the facts of observation and experiment, without reference to any hypothesis as to the occult molecular operations with which the sensible phenomena may be conceived to be connected; and that course will be followed in the body of the present treatise. But, in giving a brief historical sketch of the progress of thermodynamics, the progress of the hypothesis of thermic molecular motions cannot be wholly separated from that of the purely inductive theory.

Followed, Giving, Independent, Law, Operations, Treatise

The laws of thermodynamics may be regarded as particular cases of more general laws, applicable to all such states of matter as constitute Energy , or the capacity to perform work, which more general laws form the basis of the science of energetics, a science comprehending, as special branches, the theories of motion, heat, light , electricity , and all other physical phenomena.

Applicable, Energetics, Law, Light, Special, Theories

In thermodynamics as well as in other branches of molecular physics , the laws of phenomena have to a certain extent been anticipated, and their investigation facilitated, by the aid of hypotheses as to occult molecular structures and motions with which such phenomena are assumed to be connected. The hypothesis which has answered that purpose in the case of thermodynamics, is called that of "molecular vortices," or otherwise, the "centrifugal theory of elasticity.

Assumed, Branches, Investigation, Law, Purpose, Structures

The words 'theory' and 'practice' are of Greek origin; they carry our thoughts back to the ancient philosophers by whom they were contrived, and by whom they were also contrasted and placed in opposition, as denoting two mutually conflicting and mutually inconsistent ideas. . . . [this fallacy] based on a double system of natural laws retarded for centuries the development of physical science, notably mechanics.

Fallacy, Ideas, Law, Physical, Theory, Two

This law (regarding the theoretical efficiency of heat engines by Mr. Joule), and the law of the maximum efficiency of heat engines, are particular cases of a general law which regulates all transformation of energy, and is the basis of the Science of Energetics.

Energy, Heat, Joule, Law, Science

The law of the conservation of energy is already known, viz. that the sum of the actual and potential energies in the universe is unchangeable.

Energies, Energy, Knowledge, Law, Science

Carla Hall

Carla Hall

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Ron Galella

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Amanda Bennett

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Martin Sheen

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Marian Seldes

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Martin Bormann

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Erin Cummings

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Ellison Onizuka

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Clifton Webb

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Li Shangyin

Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi

Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi

Doug Henning

Doug Henning